In 2015, both Portugal and Spain passed laws enabling descendants of Sephardi Jews to obtain citizenship, an historic offer of reconciliation for Jews who were forced to undergo conversions or expelled from Iberia nearly half a millennia ago. Drawing on the memory of the expulsion from Sepharad, the scholarly and personal essays in Reparative Citizenship for Sephardi Descendants analyze the impact of reconciliation laws on descendants and contemporary forms of citizenship.
List of Illustrations
Acknowledgments
Introduction: Sephardi Jews, Citizenship, and Reparation in Historical Context
Dalia Kandiyoti and Rina Benmayor
Part I: Reparation and Reconciliation? Legal and Political Perspectives on the 2015 Laws
Chapter 1. “Reparative Citizenship”: Confronting Injustices of the Past or Building Modern Nationalisms?
Alfons Aragoneses
Chapter 2. Beyond Reparatory Justice: The Portuguese “Law of Return” as Nation Branding
Isabel David and Gabriela Anouck Côrte-Real Pinto
Chapter 3. Reparations in Spanish Parliamentary Debates about the 2015 Nationality Law for Descendants of Sephardi Jews
Davide Aliberti
Chapter 4. Personal Essay: Passport to the Past, Passport to the Future
Colette Capriles
Part II: Roots of “Returns”: Early Uses of Jewish and Muslim History
Chapter 5. “Spaniards We Were, Spaniards We Are, and Spaniards We Will Be”: Salonica’s Sephardic Jews and the Instrumentalization of the Spanish Past, 1898–1944
Devin E. Naar
Chapter 6. “Spanish Jews” and “Friendly Muslims”: The Historical Absence of a Citizenship Campaign for Muslims of Iberian Descent
Elisabeth Bolorinos Allard
Chapter 7. Personal Essay: The Story of a Spanish Dönme
Uluç Özüyener
Part III: Negotiating the Present: Between States and Official Communities
Chapter 8. Moriscos Andalusíes: Historical Reparation, Reconciliation, and the Duty of Memory
Elena Arigita and Laura Galián
Chapter 9. Negotiating Historical Redress: The Spanish Law of Nationality for Sephardi Descendants and Spain’s Jewish Communities
Daniela Flesler and Michal Rose Friedman
Chapter 10. Personal Essay: “Congratulations, You Are Portuguese!” Reflections on Identity and Nationality
Rita Ender
Chapter 11. Personal Essay: Sefarad Postponed
Ruth Behar
Part IV: Sephardi Descendants: Emotions, Identities, and Bureaucracies
Chapter 12. “La Nostalgia de Sefarad Tira Mucho, Pero No Tanto”: Attachment, Sentiment, and the Ethics of Refusal
Charles A. McDonald
Chapter 13. Affective Citizenship and Iberian Sephardi Descendants
Rina Benmayor
Chapter 14. Descendants of Conversos in the Americas: The Ancestral Past, Sephardi Identity, and Citizenship in Spain and Portugal
Dalia Kandiyoti
Chapter 15. Portuguese Citizenship for Brazilian Descendants of Sephardic Jews: A Netnography
Marina Pignatelli
Appendix: Certifying Origins for Sephardic Descendants in Portugal: A Snapshot of the Evaluation Process
Teresa Santos and Heraldo Bento
Chapter 16. Personal Essay: The Fez in the Water—Exile and Return
Victor Silverman
Coda: Directions in Citizenship and Historical Repair
Dalia Kandiyoti and Rina Benmayor
Index
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