This book examines the complex interactions between food, energy, and water (FEW) resources within the framework of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). It traces the historical evolution of FEW 4.0, analyses its key components, and explores its applications in reshaping resource management practices by integrating emerging technologies like Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Blockchain technologies. By harnessing the intricate nexus of FEW resources and emerging technologies, it offers opportunities for sustainable development and addresses pressing challenges. Features: Explores the historical development and integration of food, energy, and water systems within the context of the 4IR. Discusses the disruptive effects of Industry 4.0 on FEW systems, emphasizing digitalization, AI, IoT, and sustainable practices. Examines the use of emerging technologies such as precision agriculture, blockchain, and green energy integration in in optimizing FEW systems. Analyses FEW 4.0 governance frameworks, policy implications, and socioeconomic and environmental impacts to offer actionable insights. Provides theoretical frameworks, real-world case studies, and forward-looking perspectives to understand FEW 4.0’s transformative potential. This book is aimed at undergraduate and postgraduate students in environmental engineering, as well as policymakers and industry practitioners focused on sustainability and resource management.