This book provides fundamental concepts and algorithms of the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and its applications in finance, such as stock price predictions, and other areas such as speech recognition. Their wide range uses make HMMs very attractive to researchers in both academia and industry. Only a basic knowledge of probability, statistics, and programming is necessary, and readers will learn the concepts and algorithms of the HMM through definitions, real-life examples, and R code. Key Features: • A comprehensive introduction to the concepts and algorithms of Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). • Real-world examples that can be worked through using a calculator or R. • Applications across disciplines, including finance, bioinformatics, and speech recognition. • Fully annotated R code for hands-on learning and practical implementation.