A Note to the Student Acknowledgments And Now, About the Eighth Edition … Sage Vantage Features About the Authors Part I: Yippee! I’m in Statistics Chapter 1: Statistics or Sadistics? It’s Up to You Why Statistics? Descriptive Statistics and Averages Computing the Mean Computing the Median Computing the Mode Summary Key Terms Activities Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Chapter 2: What Do Your Data Look Like? Summarizing and Picturing Distributions How Much Information Is in Your Variable? Vive la Différence! Understanding Variability The Standard Deviation Using SPSS to Compute Descriptive Statistics Shaping Things Up Using the Computer (SPSS, That Is) to Illustrate Data Summary Key Terms Activities Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Chapter 3: Computing Correlation Coefficients: Ice Cream and Crime How’s Your Relationship? Computing a Pearson Correlation Coefficient What’s It All Mean? Ice Cream Causes Crime (Association vs. Causation) Using SPSS to Compute a Correlation Coefficient Other Cool Correlations Parting Ways: A Bit About Partial Correlations Summary Key Terms Activities Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Chapter 4: Reliability and Validity: Tell the Truth, Precisely the Truth Reliability: Getting It Right the First Time Different Types of Reliability Internal Consistency Reliability: To One’s Own Self Be True Interrater Reliability: Agreeing Not to Disagree How Big Is Big? Interpreting Reliability Coefficients Validity: What’s the Meaning of Life!? Validity and Reliability: Really Close Cousins Summary Key Terms Activities Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Part II: Taking Chances for Fun and Profit Chapter 5: The Normal Curve: It′s Shaped Like a Bell and It′s Everywhere! Distributions and Probabilities Area Codes: Areas Under the Normal Curve The Amazing Super-Informative z Score Using SPSS to Compute z Scores Fat and Skinny Frequency Distributions Summary Key Terms Activities Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Chapter 6: Hypotheticals and You: Making Guesses Samples and Populations The Null Hypothesis The Research Hypothesis What Makes a Good Research Hypothesis? Summary Key Terms Activities Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Chapter 7: Significance: Not Everything That Can Be Counted Counts The Concept of Significance Significance Versus Meaningfulness An Introduction to Inferential Statistics An Introduction to Tests of Significance Be Even More Confident Summary Key Terms Activities Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Part III: Significantly Different: Using Inferential Statistics Chapter 8: Single Samples: One Group All Alone Introduction to the Single-Sample z Test Computing the z Test Statistic Using SPSS to Perform a z Test t Test Special Effects: Do They Matter? Summary Key Terms Activities Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Chapter 9: t(ea) for Two: Comparing Two Means The Classic Group Comparison: Independent t Test The Effect Size for a Two-Group Comparison Using SPSS to Perform an Independent t Test Using SPSS to Perform a Paired-Samples t Test Summary Key Terms Activities Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Chapter 10: More Than Two Groups?: Analysis of Variance to the Rescue Different Flavors of Analysis of Variance Computing the F Test Statistic Using SPSS to Compute the F Ratio The Effect Size for One-Way ANOVA Summary Key Terms Activities Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Chapter 11: Two (or More) ANOVAs in One: Factorial Analysis of Variance Factorial Analysis of Variance A New Flavor of ANOVA The Main Event: Main Effects in Factorial ANOVA Even More Interesting: Interaction Effects Using SPSS to Conduct a Factorial Analysis of Variance Computing the Effect Size for Factorial ANOVA Summary Key Terms Activities Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Chapter 12: Correlation Coefficients and Regression: Can You Relate? Remember the Correlation Coefficient? Computing the Test Statistic Linear Regression Drawing the World’s Best Line (for Your Data) How Good Is Your Prediction? Using SPSS to Compute the Regression Line Multiple Regression: The More Predictors the Better? Maybe Summary Key Terms Activities Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Part IV: More Statistics! More Tools! More Fun! Chapter 13: Chi-Square and Some Other Nonparametric Tests: What to Do When You′re Not Normal Introduction to Nonparametric Statistics Introduction to the Goodness-of-Fit (One-Sample) Chi-Square Computing the Goodness-of-Fit Chi-Square Test Statistic Introduction to the Chi-Square Test of Independence Using SPSS to Perform Chi-Square Tests Other Nonparametric Tests You Should Know About Summary Key Terms Activities Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Chapter 14: Some Other (Important) Statistical Stuff You Should Know About Sophisticated Group Comparisons Sophisticated Correlational Analyses It’s Not about What Data is Mine, it’s about What Data is Mined Using Chatbots for Statistical Analyses Summary Key Terms Appendices: Information Never Ends! Appendix A: SPSS Statistics in Less Than 30 Minutes Appendix B: Tables Appendix C: Data Sets Appendix D: Answers to Practice Questions Appendix E: Math: Just the Basics Appendix F: The 10 Commandments of Data Collection Appendix G: The Reward Glossary

• Research methods: general

• Psychological methodology

• Tertiary Education (US: College)

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