This reference text addresses the importance of smart crop management for increasing yield and presents a framework for smart monitoring and regulation of crop observation. It further comprehensively covers important topics such as spatial decision support systems for precision farming, swarm intelligence in the optimal management of aquaculture farms, and intelligent harvesting algorithms for improving productivity. This book: Presents metaheuristic algorithms for optimization, economic crop planning, and use of effective water resource management. Discusses spatial decision support systems for crop productivity management, watershed management, and precision farming. Illustrates swarm intelligence-based optimization techniques, data mining, and machine learning methods for aquaculture operations. Highlights artificial intelligence and machine learning-based harvesting algorithms for improving productivity. Explains the use of green Internet of Things security solutions for agriculture, plant condition management, and greenhouse simulation. It is primarily written for graduate students and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, computer science and engineering, agricultural science, and information technology.