Microscopy in the Life Sciences from 1650 to the Present explores the transformation of the microscope and its applications and techniques over the course of history, illustrating how progress in optics and microscope design has informed our growing knowledge of cellular life. Beginning with early observations of cellular structure, the book tracks the movement towards understanding of cell biology and pathology, considering the changing landscape of microscopy, lens development, and limitations and challenges tackled. Users will also find content on recent advances, including fluorescence studies and the use of computational procedures to assemble images of individual molecules. This book traces the evolution of understanding that scientists have had regarding cellular life and how comprehension of this has been supported by the development of the microscope. It considers a range of experts central to its progression over the years, including Schleiden, Schwann, Abbe, Schott and Zeiss, and is a useful reference for researchers working with microscopy techniques across the biological sciences.