CONTENTS Preface Article—“Cycle and Growth Perspectives” Article—“The U.S. Economy 1929–1948” Figure A-1: Employment, 1929–1948 Figure A-2: Unemployment Rates, 1929–1948 Figure A-3: Per Capita Real Output and Consumption, 1929–1948 Figure A-4: Inflation and Nominal and Real Interest Rates, 1929–1948 Figure A-5: Money and Credit Growth, 1930–1948 Article—“ COVID-19 and the U.S Economy” General Notes PART A: THE U.S. ECONOMY CHAPTER 1: NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT Section 1a: Gross Domestic Product: Values, Quantities, and Prices Figure 1-1: Components of GDP, Tables 1-1A: Gross Domestic Product: Recent Data 1-1B: Gross Domestic Product: Historical Data 1-2A: Real Gross Domestic Product: Recent Data 1-2B: Real Gross Domestic Product: Historical Data 1-3A: U.S. Population and Per Capita Product and Income: Recent Data 1-3B: U.S. Population and Per Capita Product and Income: Historical Data 1-4A: Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product: Recent Data 1-4B: Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product: Historical Data 1-5A: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Gross Domestic Product and Domestic Purchases: Recent Data 1-5B: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Gross Domestic Product and Domestic Purchases: Historical Data 1-6A: Chain-Type Price Indexes for Gross Domestic Product and Domestic Purchases: Recent Data 1-6B: Chain-Type Price Indexes for Gross Domestic Product and Domestic Purchases: Historical Data 1-7: Final Sales Figure 1-2: Inventory Change and Inventory-Sales Ratio (Quarterly 1-8A: Inventory Change and Inventory-Sales Ratios: Recent Data 1-8B: Inventory Change and Inventory-Sales Ratios: Historical Data Figure 1-3: Shares of Aggregate Final Demand (Percent of Total), 1-9: Shares of Aggregate Supply 1-10: Shares of Aggregate Final Demand Section 1b: Income and Value Added Figure 1-4: Shares of Income Tables 1-11: Relation of Gross Domestic Product, Gross and Net National Product, National Income, and Personal Income 1-12: Gross Domestic Income by Type of Income 1-13A: National Income by Type of Income: Recent Data 1-13B: National Income by Type of Income: Historical Data 1-14: Gross and Net Value Added of Domestic Corporate Business 1-15: Gross Value Added of Nonfinancial Domestic Corporate Business in Current and Chained Dollars 1-16: Shares of Income Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 2: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION AND CAPACITY UTILIZATION Figure 2-1: Capacity Utilization: Total Manufacturing and High-Tech Industries Tables 2-1: Industrial Production Indexes by Market Groups 2-2: Industrial Production Indexes by NAICS Industry Groups 2-3: Capacity Utilization by NAICS Industry Groups 2-4A: Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization: Historical Data, 2-4B: Industrial Production: Historical Data Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 3: INCOME DISTRIBUTION AND POVERTY Section 3a: Household and Family Income Figure 3-1: Average Share of Income by Quintile Tables 3-1: Median and Mean Household Income and Median Earnings 3-2: Median Family Income by Type of Family 3-3: Shares of Aggregate Income Received by Each Fifth and Top 5 Percent of Households 3-4: Shares of Aggregate Income Received by Each Fifth and Top 5 Percent of Families Section 3b: Poverty Figure 3-2: Poverty Rates, Total Children and Seniors Tables 3-5: Weighted Average Poverty Thresholds by Family Size 3-6: Poverty Status of People by Race and Hispanic Origin 3-7: Poverty Status of Families by Type of Family 3-8: Poverty Status of People by Sex and Age 3-9: Working-Age Poor People by Work Experience 3-10: Number and Percent of People in Poverty Using the Supplemental Poverty Measure, and Comparison With Official Measures Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 4: CONSUMER INCOME AND SPENDING Figure 4-1: Personal Saving Rate Tables 4-1A: Personal Income and Its Disposition: Recent Data 4-1B: Personal Income and Its Disposition: Historical Data 4-2: Personal Consumption Expenditures by Major Type of Product 4-3: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Personal Consumption Expenditures by Major Type of Product 4-4: Chain-Type Price Indexes for Personal Consumption Expenditures by Major Type of Product Figure 4-2: Personal Consumption Expenditures by Type of Expenditure 4-5: Household Consumption Expenditures by Function Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 5: SAVING AND INVESTMENT Figure 5-1: National Saving, Investment, and Borrowing Tables 5-1A: Saving and Investment: Recent Data 5-1B: Saving and Investment: Historical Data 5-2: Gross Private Fixed Investment by Type 5-3: Real Gross Private Fixed Investment by Type Figure 5-2: Real Private Fixed Investment by Major Type 5-4: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Private Fixed Investment by Type 5-5A: Current-Cost Net Stock of Fixed Assets: Recent Data 5-5B: Current-Cost Net Stock of Fixed Assets: Historical Data 5-6A: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Net Stock of Fixed Assets: Recent Data 5-6B: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Net Stock of Fixed Assets: Historical Data 5-7: Capital Expenditures 5-8: Capital Expenditures for Structures and Equipment for Companies with Employees by Major Industry Sector Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 6: GOVERNMENT Section 6a: Federal Government in the National Income and Product Accounts Figure 6-1: Federal Government Saving and Dis-saving Tables 6-1: Federal Government Current Receipts and Expenditures 6-2: Federal Government Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment 6-3: Federal Government Defense and Nondefense Consumption Expenditures by Type 6-4: National Defense Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment: Selected Detail 6-5: Federal Government Output, Lending and Borrowing, and Net Investment 6-6: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Federal Government Defense and Nondefense Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment 6-7: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for National Defense Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment: Selected Detail Section 6b: State and Local Government in the National Income and Product Accounts Figure 6-2: State and Local Government Current Receipts and Expenditures and Net Lending (Borrowing-) Tables 6-8: State and Local Government Current Receipts 6-9: State and Local Government Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment 6-10: State and Local Government Output, Lending and Borrowing, and Net Investment 6-11: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for State and Local Government Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment 6-12: State Government Current Receipts and Expenditures 6-13: Local Government Current Receipts and Expenditures Section 6c: Federal Government Budget Accounts Figure 6-3: Federal Debt as a Percent of GDP Tables 6-14A: Federal Government Receipts and Outlays by Fiscal Year 6-14B: The Federal Budget and GDP 6-15: Federal Government Debt by Fiscal Year Section 6d: Government Output and Employment Figure 6-4: Government Employment Tables 6-16: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Government Output 6-17: Government Employment Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 7: U.S. FOREIGN TRADE AND FINANCE Section 7a: Foreign Transactions in the National Income and Product Accounts Figure 7-1: Receipts, Payments, and Balance on Current Account Tables 7-1: Foreign Transactions in the National Income and Product Accounts 7-2: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Exports and Imports of Goods and Services 7-3: Chain-Type Price Indexes for Exports and Imports of Goods and Services 7-4: Exports and Imports of Selected NIPA Types of Product 7-5: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Exports and Imports of Selected NIPA Types of Product Section 7b: U.S. International Transactions Accounts Figure 7-2: Foreign Trade Balances on Goods and Services Tables 7-6: U.S. Exports and Imports of Goods and Services 7-7: U.S. Exports of Goods by End-Use and Advanced Technology Categories 7-8: U.S. Imports of Goods by End-Use and Advanced Technology Categories Section 7-3: Exports and Imports Figure 7-3: Imports and Exports of Petroleum 7-9: U.S. Exports and Imports of Goods by Principal End-Use Category in Constant Dollars 7-10: U.S. Exports of Goods by Selected Regions and Countries 7-11: U.S. Imports of Goods by Selected Regions and Countries 7-12A: U.S. Exports of Services: Recent Data 7-12B: U.S. Exports of Services: Historical 7-13A: U.S. Imports of Services: Recent Data 7-13B: U.S. Imports of Services: Historical 7-14: U.S. Export and Import Price Indexes by End-Use Category Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 8: PRICES Figure 8-1: Inflation Indicators Tables 8-1A: Summary Consumer and Producer Price Indexes: Recent Data 8-1B: Summary Consumer and Producer Price Indexes: Historical, 8-1C: Consumer and Producer Price Indexes: Historical, Figure 8-2: Intermediate Demand by Production Flow by Stage 8-2: Consumer Price Indexes and Purchasing Power of the Dollar 8-3: Alternative Measures of Total and Core Consumer Prices: Index Levels 8-4: Alternative Measures of Total and Core Consumer Prices: Inflation Rates 8-5: Producer Price Indexes for Goods and Services: Final Demand 8-6: Producer Price Indexes for Goods and Services: Intermediate Demand 8-7: Producer Price Indexes for Goods by Major Commodity Groups Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 9: EMPLOYMENT COSTS, PRODUCTIVITY, AND PROFITS Section 9a: Employment Cost Indexes Figure 9-1: Figure 9-1: Changes in Wages and Salaries and in Benefit Costs, Private Nonfarm Inventory Tables 9-1: Employment Cost Indexes, NAICS Basis 9-2: Employment Cost Indexes, SIC Basis Section 9b: Productivity and Related DataFigure 9-2: Change in Labor Productivity, Nonfarm Business Table 9-3A: Productivity and Related Data: Recent Data 9-3B: Productivity and Related Data: Historical 9-4: Corporate Profits with Inventory Valuation Adjustment by Industry Group Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 10: EMPLOYMENT, HOURS, AND EARNINGS Section 10a: Labor Force, Employment, and Unemployment from the Current Population Survey Figure 10-1: Labor Force Participation Rate and Employment/Population Ratio Tables 10-1A: Summary Labor Force, Employment, and Unemployment: Recent Data 10-1B: Summary Labor Force, Employment, and Unemployment: Historical 10-2: Labor Force and Employment by Major Age and Sex Groups 10-3: Employment by Type of Job Figure 10-2: Unemployment Rate 10-4: Unemployment by Demographic Group 10-5: Unemployment Rates and Related Data 10-6: Insured Unemployment Section 10b: Payroll Employment, Hours, and Earnings from the Current Employment Statistics Survey Figure 10-3: Total Nonfarm Payroll Employment Tables 10-7: Nonfarm Payroll Employment by NAICS Supersector: Recent Data 10-8: Employment, Hours, and Earnings, Total Nonfarm and Manufacturing, Historical Annual and Monthly Figure 10-4: Average Weekly Hours of All Employees, Monthly 10-9: Average Weekly Hours of All Employees on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-10: Indexes of Aggregate Weekly Hours of All Employees on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-11: Average Hourly Earnings of All Employees on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-12: Average Weekly Earnings of All Employees on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-13: Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-14: Average Weekly Hours of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-15: Indexes of Aggregate Weekly Hours of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-16: Average Hourly Earnings of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-17: Average Weekly Earnings of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector Section 10c: Other Significant Labor Market Data Figure 10-5: Median Usual Weekly Earnings of Full-Time Wage and Salary Workers by Race, 10-18: Hours at Work, Current Population Survey 10-19: Median Usual Weekly Earnings of Full-Time Wage and Salary Workers Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 11: ENERGY Figure 11-1: Figure 11-1: Energy Production Tables 11-1: Energy Supply and Consumption 11-2: Energy Consumption per Dollar of Real Gross Domestic Product 11-3: Petroleum and Petroleum Products—Prices, Imports, Domestic Production, and Stocks Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 12: MONEY, INTEREST, ASSETS, LIABILITIES, AND ASSET PRICES Figure 12-1. M1 and M2 in Tables 12-1A: Money Stock Measures and Components of M1: Recent Data 12-1B: Money Stock: Historical, 1892-1924 12-1C: Money Stock: Historical, January 1947–January 1959 12-2: Components of Non-M1 M2 Figure 12-2. S&P Stock price Index and FHFA House Price Index, 12-3: Consumer Credit 12-4: Selected Stock and Housing Market Data 12-5: Derivation of U.S. Net Wealth Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 13: INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS Figure 13-1: Gross Domestic Product Growth Rates by Country Tables 13-1: International Comparisons: Percent Change in Real GDP, Consumer Prices, Current Account Balances, and Unemployment Rate 13-2: Foreign Exchange Rates Notes and Definitions PART B: INDUSTRY PROFILES CHAPTER 14: PRODUCT AND INCOME BY INDUSTRY Figure 14.1 Growth Rates by Industry Groups and Selected Industry, Tables 14-1A: Gross Domestic Product (Value Added) by Industry 14-2A: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Value Added by Industry 14-3: Gross Domestic Factor Income by Industry Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 15: EMPLOYMENT, HOURS, AND EARNINGS BY INDUSTRY Figure 15-1: Net New Nonfarm Payroll Jobs by Major Industry Group, Tables 15-1: Nonfarm Employment by Sector and Industry 15-2: Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by Industry 15-3: Average Weekly Hours of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by Industry 15-4: Average Hourly Earnings of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by Industry 15-5: Average Weekly Earnings of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by Industry 15-6: Indexes of Aggregate Weekly Hours of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by Industry Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 16: KEY SECTOR STATISTICS Figure 16-1: Housing Starts Tables 16-1: New Construction Put in Place 16-2: Housing Starts and Building Permits; New House Sales and Prices 16-3: Manufacturers’ Shipments 16-4: Manufacturers’ Inventories 16-5: Manufacturers’ New Orders 16-6: Manufacturers’ Unfilled Orders, Durable Goods Industries 16-7: Motor Vehicle Sales and Inventories 16-8: Retail and Food Services Sales 16-9: Quarterly Retail Sales: Total and E-Commerce 16-10: Retail Inventories 16-11: Merchant Wholesalers—Sales and Inventories 16-12: Manufacturing and Trade Sales and Inventories 16-13: Real Manufacturing and Trade Sales and Inventories 16-14: Selected Services—Quarterly Estimated Revenue for Employer Firms Notes and Definitions INDEX

• Econometrics

• Economic statistics

• General (US: Trade)

• Professional & Vocational

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