This Companion investigates the formation and evolution of trade and economic integration in North America since the implementation of the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Greg Anderson and Christopher Kukucha have carefully selected expert contributors with diverse perspectives on the political economy of North American integration to conduct a rigorous examination of the agreement’s impact.
Organised into three key parts, it firstly examines the context in which the modern idea of North America came into being and how this concept has since fluctuated; covering the Neoliberal Moment, post 9/11 markets and reconsideration of post-war trade. The Companion then concentrates on the impact of NAFTA on issues the agreement dealt with both directly and indirectly, achieving varying degrees of success, and how those realities both promote and limit integration. Furthermore, it examines the North American relationship between trade and security, covering the Canada-US border, cyber-security, and continental defence, and presents critical conclusions related to the political, social, and economic costs of integration.
The Elgar Companion to North American Trade and Integration is an indispensable guide for academics of economics, political science and international relations. It would also be beneficial to civil servants working in trade bureaucracies or foreign and economic ministries, as well as researchers on public policy and opinion, lobbyists and legislative committee staff.
Contributors viii 1 Introduction: the North American idea, redux? 1
Greg Anderson and Christopher Kukucha
PART I SITUATING NORTH AMERICA
2 The birth of NAFTA in a neoliberal moment 15
Gary Clyde Hufbauer and Megan Hogan
3 Seeing North America through old and new perspectives 25
Inu Manak
4 9/11 hijacks the NAFTA, COVID-19 says “hold my beer” 38
Laura Dawson
5 Populism’s attack on liberalized trade — and a victory over NAFTA? 55
Mark R. Brawley
PART II THE TRADE AGENDA, OLD AND NEW
6 Food for thought: agricultural justice in North America in the neoliberal era 70
Daniel Patten
7 Market access in North America 85
Dan Ciuriak
8 Forum preferences in North American trade dispute settlement: from regional to multilateral and back again 102
Marc Froese
9 Regulatory cooperation: managing at the margins 116
Geoffrey Hale, Greg Anderson and Christopher J. Kukucha
10 Public procurement between Canada and the United States: an imperfect integration 133
Geneviève Dufour and Pierre-Luc Morin
11 Investment 146
Gilbert Gagné
12 Labour and trade policy in North America 157
Laura Macdonald
13 Digital trade in North America 169
Luis F. Alvarez Leon
14 Competition policy in North America in the context of the USMCA: an overview and some skepticism with regard to any prospects for harmonization 179
Timothy J. Brennan and Lawrence J. White
15 Integrating North America as a territory of life, not exploitation 192
Geoffrey Garver
16 Energy relations in North America: from three trilateral amigos to three bilateral acquaintance 203
Monica Gattinger, Rafael Aguirre Ponce and Julien ohme
17 The auto sector: capitalism’s “favourite child” and North American economic integration 218
Dimitry Anastakis
18 Building blocks of the Canada–US relationship: the integrative role of cross-border regions 230
Laurie Trautman, Jennifer Bettis and Andréanne Bissonnette
19 North American integration and gender 245
Tamara Gurevich
20 Climate change and trade regulation 260
Maria Panezi
PART III SECURITY TRUMPS TRADE
21 Recalibrating regional integration in a fractured world: CUSMA and regional competitiveness 274
Michèle Rioux, Charles-Olivier L’Homme and Brice Armel Simeu
22 Infrastructure and trade in North America 285
Juan Carlos Villa, Daniel Covarrubias , Andrea Vazquez and Juan Carlos Espinosa
23 Nationalism, Covid-19 and public health 316
Stephanie Kerr
24 Canada and the United States 337
Keith Cozine and Kelly W. Sundberg
25 Shadow regionalism and border policing in the political economy of North American integration 354
Geoff Boyce
26 Driven by technology: the rise and protracted decline of US–Canada North American Defence Organization 367
Joseph T. Jockel and Joel Sokolsky
27 Cybersecurity in North America: a review of Mexico 379
Luisa Parraguez-Kobek and Erick Torres-Wiegel
28 North American food security: integration and conflict 394
Elizabeth Smythe
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