The Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a virtual workshop series that gathered researchers, government officials, and other global leaders in nutrition research and policy. The event, sponsored by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), carefully considered meta-analysis methodologies that could in turn be used to advance nutrition research, develop policy, and inform regulatory decision-making. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 Planning of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 3 Exploring Best Practices of Conducting Meta-Analysis 4 Interpretation and Application of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis to Evaluate the Totality of Evidence 5 Closing Remarks References Appendix A: Workshop Agendas Appendix B: Speaker and Moderator Biographies