Though many archival digital objects were not "born digital," film archives are now important locations for digital research. And, with advancements in research technologies such as video annotation, visual analysis, and GIS approaches affecting the way we look at archival films' material history, new research practices are more important than ever. Visualizing Film History is an accessible introduction to archive-based digital scholarship in film and media studies and beyond. With a combined focus on the history of film historiography, archiving, and recent digital scholarship—covering a period from the "first wave" of film archiving in the early 1900s to recent data art—this book proposes ways to work critically with digital archives and modernize research methods. Christian Olesen encourages a shift towards new critical practices in the field with an in-depth assessment of and critical approach to doing film historiography with the latest digital tools and digitized archives. If humans are to fully realize the potential of emerging digital tools and methodologies, they must critically consider the roles that data analysis, visualization, and procedural human-machinery interactions, interfaces, and conditioning factors play in producing knowledge in current film historical research. If we fail to do so, we risk losing our ability to critically navigate and renew contemporary research practices and evaluate the results of digital scholarship.