In this issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest editors Drs. David K. Stevenson and Gary M. Shaw, along with research scientist Ron J. Wong, bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Preterm Birth. Preterm birth is the leading cause of death among children, with one million children dying due to preterm birth before the age of five years. This issue is a key resource for perinatologists who seek to predict and improve outcomes for preterm births, providing actionable clinical information in hopes of reaching the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal to end all preventable deaths of newborns and children aged under five years by 2030. Contains 15 practice-oriented topics including genomics of preterm birth; predicting preterm birth using proteomics; predicting preterm birth using the microbiome; predicting preterm birth using the immunome; a new taxonomy of preterm birth; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews of preterm birth, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.