Perpetrators of genocidal violence have regularly orchestrated propaganda campaigns using newspapers, radio, televisions, the Internet, and other means to justify mass killings.
This primary source collection features more than 40 examples of propaganda created to support genocides during the 19th and 20th centuries. The book covers 11 genocides, from campaigns against Native Americans and indigenous Ausrallians to the Holodomor and Holocaust to more recent tragedies in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Rwanda. Each section begins with an introductory essay exploring the course of the genocide, giving readers the background knowledge needed to understand the documents that follow. Each piece of propaganda is accompanied by a brief introduction that provides key contextual information, as well as in-depth analysis of the impact that propaganda had. Augmenting the main text are a collection of high-interest sidebars and an end-of-volume bibliography.
Propaganda is an organized or deliberate action or set of actions undertaken for the purpose of disseminating certain types of information and ensuring their acceptance. Where genocide is concerned, what can be termed “hate propaganda” plays an important role in alienating the target population from those who are its persecutors; in providing reasons to the general population for the “necessary” persecution of the target “other”; in suggesting the means such persecution should employ; and in serving as a reinforcement to the perpetrator government undertaking and directing the persecution.
Introduction
1. Native Americans
1.1 Editorials from the Rocky Mountain News on the Sand Creek Massacre
1.2 “Civilizing” the Indians, 1869
2. Indigenous Australians
2.1 The Australian Aborigines in Colonial Queensland
2.2 The Future Aboriginal Population in Western Australia
3. Namibia
3.1 General Lothar von Trotha, Officer Commanding German Military Forces
4. Armenia
4.1 Ziya Gökalp on Turkish Nationalism, 1911
4.2 The Ten Commandments of the Committee of Union and Progress
4.3 Dr. Mehmet Nazim to Central Committee of Committee of Union and Progress, February 1915
4.4 Orders from Talaat Pasha, March 1915-January 1916
4.5 Enver Bey Explains the Situation to US Ambassador Morgenthau, 1915
4.6 Dr. Mehmed Reshid’s Stance Regarding the Armenians
4.7 Joint Allied Declaration Condemning Turkish Genocide of Armenians, May 24, 1915
4.8 Ottoman Government Proclamation Ordering the Deportation of the Armenians, February 5, 1916
4.9 “Yesterday a Fief, To-day Our Country,” editorial in Hilal, April 4, 1916
5. The Holodomor
5.1 Mykola Skrypnyk, All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee, July 11, 1932
5.2 Lazar Kaganovich to the North Caucasus Territorial Committee of the AUCP(B), November 21-23, 1932
5.3 Resolution of the Council of People’s Commissars of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolshevik) of Ukraine, December 6, 1932
5.4 Joseph Stalin, “On Work in the Countryside,” January 11, 1933
5.5 Walter Duranty, “Russians Hungry, but Not Starving,” New York Times, March 31, 1934
5.6 Boris Skvirsky, Counsellor of the Embassy of the USSR, to US Congressman Herman P. Kopplemann, February 3, 1934
6. The Holocaust
6.1 Program of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party, February 24, 1920
6.2 Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf, 1923
6.3 Speech by Joseph Goebbels on Propaganda, September 1934
6.4 Report on Anti-Jewish Propaganda, August 6, 1935
6.5 “The Jewish Question and School Instruction,” 1937
6.6 Ritual Murder, article in Der Stürmer, April 1937
6.7 Der SA-Mann, Compilation of Nazi Antisemitic Articles, 1935-1938
6.8 “The Poisonous Mushroom,” 1938
6.9 Adolf Hitler Warns the Jews of Europe, January 30, 1939
6.10 Hans Frank Addresses his Cabinet, Kraków, December 16, 1941
6.11 SS Pamphlet, “The Subhuman”
6.12 On Adolf Hitler’s Promise to Free the World of the Jews, January 28, 1943
7. Biafra
7.1 British Foreign and Commonwealth Office Report, 1968
7.2 United States NSC Interdepartmental Group for Africa: Background Paper on Nigeria/Biafra, February 10, 1969
8. Cambodia
8.1 The Minister of Propaganda on the Departure of Foreigners, May 9, 1975
8.2 Kampuchean People’s Representative Assembly, April 13, 1976
8.3 Pol Pot, Speech to the 17th Congress of the Communist Party of Kampuchea, September 27, 1977
8.4 Nuon Chea, Statement to the Communist Workers’ Party of Denmark, July 1978
8.5 Regulations Concerning Detainees at S-21 Prison, Phnom Penh
8.6 Khmer Rouge National Anthem, The Dazzling Victory of 17 April
8.7 Collection of Khmer Rouge Propaganda Slogans
9.Guatemala
9.1 President Efraín Ríos Mont: A “War without Limits,” June 30, 1982
10. Bosnia-Herzegovina
10.1 Serbian President Slobodan Miloševic, June 28, 1989
10.2 Fr. Savo Kneževic, What the Muslims Want, January 15, 1993
11. Rwanda
11.1 The Ten Commandments of the Hutu, Kangura, no. 6, December 1990
11.2 Simon Bikindi, “I Hate these Hutus,” 1992
11.3 Jean-Bosco Barayagwiza on Hutu and Tutsi Identity, December 12, 1993
11.4 Kantano Habimana on the War against the Rebels, April 22, 1994
11.5 Valérie Bemeriki, on Why the War is Happening, May 17, 1994
11.6 Kantano Habimana: “We are sure of the victory,” May 28, 1994
Bibliography
Index
About the Author
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