When Poland gained independence in 1918, it became an urgent priority to secure information on just how the state and society ought to be organized. Up until 1939, the journal Nauka Polska and the working group Koło Naukoznawcze provided sociologists, philosophers, pedagogues, and scientists with a forum to debate the advancement of science and the academic system. Among other things, they asked how scientific creativity could be generated and stabilized (Antoni B. Dobrowolski), what a socio-psychological "science of knowledge" should look like (Florian Znaniecki), and how society could profit from a "science of science" (Maria Ossowska and Stanisław Ossowski). Unlike similar contemporary contributions, such as Ludwik Fleck's, most of these ideas are unknown today. The volume reconstructs the forgotten history of this Warsaw-based sociology of knowledge and science, presenting for the first time pivotal articles in English translation.
Survey of contents
Friedrich Cain/Bernhard Kleeberg: Introduction – Jan Piskurewicz/Leszek Zasztowt: Science of Science in Poland before World War Two – Institutional Frames
State Building
Katrin Steffen: Science in Context. Scientific Progress, Mental Health, and the Polish Nation – Olga Linkiewicz: Toward Expertocracy: The Scientific Debates on Applied Knowledge in Interwar Poland
Transnational Science
Jan Surman: Language in the Deliberations of Koło Naukoznawcze
Scientific Creativity
Marta Bucholc: Sociogenesis of Science. On the Margins of the Proceedings of Koło Naukoznawcze – Friedrich Cain: 'On a proper method for studying creativity'. Antoni B. Dobrowolski's Archive(s) of Creative Thought
Sources
Tul'si Bhambry: Translator's Remarks – Czesław Białobrzeski, 1927. »An Autobiographical Sketch and Remarks on Scientific Creativity« – Stefan Błachowski, 1928. »The Problem of Scientific Creativity« – Émile Borel, 1936. » Contribution aux Documents sur la Psychologie de l'Invention dans le Domaine de la Science« – Franciszek Bujak, 1936. »The Man of Action and the Student« – Antoni B. Dobrowolski, 1918. »The Urgent Need for Mental Education in Poland: The Fundamental Necessity for a Teaching Reform in Middle Schools and for Related New Positions in Scientific Research« – Antoni B. Dobrowolski, 1927. »An Archive of Materials for Research in Creativity« – Antoni B. Dobrowolski, 1928. »Researching the Genesis and Development of Scientific Creativity« – Tadeusz Kotarbiński, 1929. »On the Skills of a Researcher« – August Krogh, 1938. »Visual Thinking. An Autobiographical Note« – n.a., 1923. »Editorial Introduction« – n.a., 1929. »Report on the activities of the Koło Naukoznawcze » – n.a., 1930. »Second Report on the activities of the Koło Naukoznawcze » – n.a., 1936, Organon I – Preface – Maria & Stanisław Ossowski, 1935. »The Science of Science« – Bogdan Suchodolski, 1938. »Investigation and Teaching« – Paweł Rybicki, 1929. »Science and the Forms of Social Life: Issues at the Intersection of Sociology and Theory of Science« – Florian Znaniecki, 1925. »The Subject Matter and Tasks of the Science of Knowledge«
Epilogue
Andreas Langenohl: Sociological Perspectives: Science Studies as a Critical Avantgarde? – Paweł Kawalec: Philosophical Perspectives: The Science of Science – From Inception to Maturity
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